The Golden Retriever

 

 

 

A Brief History

 

The Golden Retriever breed originated in Scotland in the mid-to-late 19th century, developed by Sir Dudley Marjoribanks, later known as Lord Tweedmouth. Seeking a skilled retrieving dog for both land and water, he crossed a now-extinct yellow Wavy-Coated Retriever with the Tweed Water Spaniel, a breed known for its waterfowl retrieving abilities. Later, Irish Setters, Bloodhounds, and other retrievers were incorporated to refine the breed’s temperament, coat, and working ability (American Kennel Club, n.d.).

The breed gained popularity for its intelligence, trainability, and friendly demeanor, making it an excellent hunting companion and family dog. It was first recognized by The Kennel Club in the UK in 1913 as the “Retriever (Golden and Yellow),” and the American Kennel Club (AKC) officially recognized the breed in 1925 (Golden Retriever Club of America, n.d.). Today, Golden Retrievers excel in various roles, including search and rescue, therapy work, and competitive dog sports, in addition to their traditional hunting abilities.

 

References:

The Breed Standard

The AKC Golden Retriever breed standard describes a medium-to-large, well-balanced, and athletic dog with a friendly and intelligent expression. Males typically stand 23-24 inches at the withers, while females are 21.5-22.5 inches, with weights proportionate to their size. Their dense, water-repellent coat is medium to long, with feathering on the legs, chest, and tail, and comes in rich golden shades. Extreme light or dark colors are undesirable.

Goldens should have a broad skull, well-defined stop, and strong muzzle with a black nose. Their dark brown eyes, set well apart, give a kind and intelligent expression. Ears are moderate in size, set slightly above eye level, and hang close to the cheek. The body is slightly longer than tall, with a deep chest, strong back, and muscular build. Their movement is smooth, powerful, and effortless, with good reach and drive. The breed’s friendly, confident, and eager-to-please temperament is a hallmark, making them excellent companions, working dogs, and show dogs.

For full details, you can check the AKC breed standard here.

 

 

 

 

A Golden’s Health

 

Common Health Issues in Golden Retrievers: What Puppy Buyers Should Know

Golden Retrievers are beloved for their friendly temperament and intelligence, but they are also prone to several health conditions. If you’re considering bringing a Golden into your home, it’s important to be aware of these common issues and how responsible breeding can help reduce risks.

1. Cancer – Unfortunately, Golden Retrievers have a high cancer rate, with nearly 60% developing cancer in their lifetime. The most common types include lymphoma, hemangiosarcoma, and mast cell tumors (Morris Animal Foundation, 2022). While no test can guarantee a cancer-free dog, choosing a breeder who prioritizes long-lived bloodlines and health testing is essential.

2. Hip and Elbow Dysplasia – These joint conditions can lead to arthritis and mobility issues. Ethical breeders screen their dogs through the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA) to ensure they have healthy joints before breeding (OFA, n.d.). Always ask for proof of hip and elbow clearances when buying a puppy.

3. Heart Disease (Subvalvular Aortic Stenosis – SAS) – This inherited heart condition can cause fainting, heart murmurs, or even sudden death in young dogs. Responsible breeders test their breeding stock with a veterinary cardiologist to reduce the risk (Golden Retriever Club of America, n.d.).

4. Eye Disorders – Goldens are prone to progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), cataracts, and pigmentary uveitis, which can lead to vision loss. Ethical breeders perform annual eye exams with a board-certified ophthalmologist (American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists, n.d.).

5. Ear Infections – Due to their floppy ears, Goldens are more susceptible to yeast and bacterial infections. Regular ear cleaning and drying after swimming can help prevent issues (American Kennel Club, n.d.).

6. Hypothyroidism – This hormonal disorder can cause weight gain, lethargy, and skin problems. While manageable with medication, responsible breeding practices can reduce the risk (American Veterinary Medical Association, n.d.).

7. Allergies and Skin Issues – Many Goldens suffer from food and environmental allergies, leading to itching, hair loss, and infections. While allergies can’t always be prevented, choosing a breeder who selects for healthy skin and immune systems can help (Veterinary Dermatology Journal, 2021)

References:

Morris Animal Foundation. (2022). Golden Retriever Lifetime Study: Cancer in Goldens. Retrieved from https://www.morrisanimalfoundation.org

Orthopedic Foundation for Animals. (n.d.). Hip & Elbow Dysplasia in Dogs. Retrieved from https://www.ofa.org

Golden Retriever Club of America. (n.d.). Health & Genetics. Retrieved from https://www.grca.org

American Kennel Club. (n.d.). Common Health Issues in Golden Retrievers. Retrieved from https://www.akc.org

American Veterinary Medical Association. (n.d.). Canine Hypothyroidism. Retrieved from https://www.avma.org

Veterinary Dermatology Journal. (2021). Canine Atopic Dermatitis and Skin Allergies. Retrieved from https://www.vetdermjournal.com

How to Find a Healthy Golden Retriever Puppy
  • Choose a breeder who does health testing. Ask for OFA clearances for hips, elbows, heart, and eyes.
  • Meet the parents. A good breeder will introduce you to the puppy’s parents, who should be healthy, well-tempered, and at least two years old (to ensure proper health screenings).
  • Ask about longevity. Inquire about the lifespan of dogs in their breeding program. Long-lived bloodlines reduce the risk of genetic diseases.
  • Avoid backyard breeders and pet stores. These sources often do not health test or follow responsible breeding practices.

 

Health Testing In A Breeding Program

As part of the AKC Bred With H.E.A.R.T. program, and as a member of the national breed club, Origins Goldens adheres to the Code of Ethics by the GRCA (Golden Retriever Club of America).

“Each breed (and mixed-bred dogs too) has its own particular hereditary problems, and Golden Retrievers are no exception. Failure to screen for these conditions before breeding results in taking unnecessary risks for genetic disease, and frequently leads to distress for the buyer and dog alike… Reputable breeders are expected to conduct screening examinations for these diseases on the parents of a litter, and to disclose the results to prospective puppy buyers.” (GRCA)

The pre-breeding tests required by the GRCA code of ethics are screenings for hip and elbow dysplasia, annual eye exams, and cardiac screening for SAS.

Along with the required screenings, which we will always make publicly available in the OFA database for accountability and research purposes, we also always start with a genetic panel through Embark to ensure we are never breeding two dogs which might carry the same genetic condition.

You can read more about the Golden Retriever health tests at the OFA website here, the GRCA website here, and the Embark website here.